主谓一致的基本原则和语法一致原则
主谓一致是历年高考试题中的测试重点之一。一般与其它知识综合起来考察。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。
主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。
高考重点要求：
1. 根据主谓一致的三个原则(语法一致,意义一致，就近一致), 判断和确定句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致
2. 掌握固定词组作主语,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致
考生在掌握主谓一致的基本原则的同时，也要特别注意语法一致的原则，而且分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。
复习时需注意的要点
1、 集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。
例如：His family isn’t large.
His family ar e all fond of music.
2、 些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然有词尾“s”但意义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数。例如：The news is wonderful.
Physics is an interesting subject.
3、 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一个整体看待的，后面用单数动词。
例如：Five minutes is too short.
Ten dollars is enough.
4、 主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致 。
例如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.
5、 主语前有every或each修饰时，无论有几个主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.
1、He is the only one of the students who _______a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
2、Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work B. working C. is working D. are working
3、Not only ______interested in football but ______beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is … all his students are
B. the teacher himself is …are all his students
C. is the teacher himself …are all his students
D. is the teacher himself …all his students are
4、----“Each of the student s, working hard at his or her lessons, _____ to go to university.”
----“So do I.”
A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped
5、E-mail, as well as telephone, ______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. hoped
1、【解析】答案为D。 这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式：one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志。
2、【解析】答案：CProfessor Smith决定谓语动词的数;his assistants和谓语动词的数无关。
3、【解析】答案为D not only …but (also )连结两个句子，用部分倒装。
4、【解析】 答案为B。“each of +名词复数”谓语用单数。
5、【解析】 本题考察主谓一致，当主语后面跟有as well as短语时，其后的谓语动词不受as well as之后的名词影响，仍然和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
